PHILADELPHIA’S HISTORIC WATCH NIGHT SERVICE (FREEDOM EVE)
How
will you go into the New Year?
Allow me the pleasure of
constructing a vision of African History in Philadelphia prior to,
leading up to, in the mist of the original Watch Night Service,
Freedom Eve; December 31st 1862. I will then bring you up
to Watch Night Service 2016-2017. My purpose, I want to bring you
into the New Year degrees freer, knowing your history. I also wish to
paint a vision of the possibilities angry white America have position
you to face in the New Year.
I want to first remind
you of this fact, Rev. Richard Allen & Rev. Absalom Jones;
Founders of Africans in America Freedom, are directly responsible for
the degrees of Freedom all Africans in America, Africans in
Philadelphia enjoy today. Observe the facts
In 1684, 1st
150 enslaved Africans to land on Philadelphia shores, by way of the
ship, Isabella.
In 1700 their were 1,000
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia
In 1721 their were 5,000
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia
In 1746 Absalom Jones the
Father of Africans degrees of Freedom enjoyed today was born
Prior to 1751 70% of the
enslaved Africans were imported from the West Indies
After 1751 70% of the
enslaved Africans were imported from Africa
In 1754 their were 11,000
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia
In 1760 Richard Allen,
Co-Founder of African’s degrees of freedom enjoyed today was born
In 1760 Africans slaves constituted 2/3
of the servant population in Philadelphia.
In 1766 Absalom attends Abolitionist
Anthony Benezet's school in the evenings.
In 1766 their were 30,000
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia
In 1768 Absalom Jones
began evangelizing in Phila. Streets, about the cruelty of slavery
March 5, 1770, Crispus
Attucks, became the 1st casualty of the American
Revolution
In 1774 Richard Allen
attends Abolitionist Anthony Benezet's school
In 1774 Pennsylvania
Abolitionist Society was founded by Anthony Benezet,
In 1775, Society of
Friends vowed to disown Quakers if they didn’t free their slaves
In 1775, Revolutionaries
seized control of each of the thirteen colonial governments
On April 19 1775, the
Revolutionary War began
January 1776, George
Washington lift ban on African’s enlistment, 5,000 fought in the
war
On July 4, 1776,
Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence, in
Phila.
Sept. 26, 1777 British
Forces capture Phila; many African slaves escape after the evasion
In 1777, Rev. Allen began
evangelizing in the streets of Phila., NY, and Delaware
June 18, 1778 British
soldiers left Philadelphia; many slaves escape during the war
In 1780 Gradual
Emancipation Act passed by PA Legislators, 1808 Africans legally
free?
In 1780 Rev. Allen bought
his freedom, he drove a wagon during the war, for a living.
In 1783, British Army
evacuate New York & America, many slaves escape after the war
In 1784, Absalom
Jones at the age of 38 brought his freedom
May 1, 1784,
Rev. Allen meets Rev. Jones at 1st
organizing conference of Am. Methodism
In 1787, The Free African
Society was founded by Rev. Allen, Rev. Jones and Quakers
In 1788 the Gradual
Emancipation Act amended by PA Legislators
In 1790 there were 3,737
enslaved Africans in Phila. - 26,263 enslaved Africans in 24 yrs
In 1791, the First Bank
of the United States, build by slaves, founded in Philadelphia PA
In 1791 to 1800, United
States Supreme Court, housed in Philadelphia PA
In1792-1800, 1st White
House built by enslaved & free African-Americans, in Phila.
In 1792, Philadelphia is
America's largest city, capital, and its busiest port.
In 1792, Rev. Jones
founded St Thomas African Episcopal Church
In 1792. Rev. Jones and
Allen helped Dr Rush resolve Phila. Yellow Fever Epidemic
July 1793, Rev. Richard
Allen founded Mother Bethel AME Church
July 17, 1794. Mother
Bethel AME Church opened its doors for public worship
July 17, 1794. St Thomas
African Episcopal Church opened its doors for public worship
In 1797, Philadelphia's
first African-American Masonic Lodge was founded
Dec. 30, 1799, Rev. Jones
petition the House of Representatives to free all Africans
In 1800, their were 1,706
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia
Jan 1st 1808
Rev. Jones gives Thanksgiving Sermon, establishing a New Year Holiday
In 1810, Nearly 10,000
Africans resides in Philadelphia
1818-1824, Second Bank in
the United States was built by free & slave labor, in Phila.
In 1818, Ancestor, Rev.
Absalom Jones had his last breath on planet earth
In 1820, their were 211
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia
In 1820, 2 yrs after Rev
Jones transition; white Philadelphians start attacking Africans
In 1830, their were 403
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia, note the rise after Jones death
In 1839, their were 70
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia
In 1839, Rev. Richard
Allen had his last breath on planet earth, note the decline in
slaves.
1n 1839 White
Philadelphians notably decrease in violent attack on Africans &
property
In 1850, their were 0
enslaved Africans in Philadelphia or Pennsylvania
September 1862, President Abraham
Lincoln temporary issue his Emancipation Proclamation
December 31, 1862, Watch Night Service
held in 23 Philadelphia Churches
January 1st 1863, President
Abraham Lincoln Legally Enforce his Emancipation Proclamation
Philadelphia’s
Africans in America Family Life and Community
In
1862, at the time of the original Watch Night Service (Freedom Eve)
there were approximately 23,000 African Americans living in
Philadelphia, about 4.1% of the total population of the city. The
center of African-American settlement in the city of Philadelphia was
7th Street between South and Spruce Street and extended
west as far as the Schuylkill River. The African-American population
in this area numbered approximately 4,000. About 60% of
African-Americans lived in the area which bordered Race Street in the
north, South Street in the south, and the Schuylkill and Delaware
Rivers on the west and east sides. About 15% lived in the area south
of South Street, west of Broad Street, and east of the Schuylkill
River. About 8% of the city’s African American population lived in
the area south of South Street, east of Broad, and west of the
Delaware River. About 2% of the population lived in West
Philadelphia, the area west of the Schuylkill and beyond University
of Penn. The remainder of African-American residents resided in the
northern areas, Northern Liberties, Spring Garden, Kensington, and
Germantown.
Africans
in the 1820’s to 1850’s left their life in the South for hope and
aspiration in the North. In the years between 1820 and 1850 the
African American population in Philadelphia nearly doubled in size,
growing from about 12,000 to about 22,000. These numbers dipped below
5% of the city’s total population in the 1860. Philadelphia’s
African American population saw their strongest numbers in the years
between 1800 and 1840, in which they never dropped below 7% of the
population and maintained a citizenry of between 8% and 10% of the
total population of Philadelphia. The reason for the drop in
population growth, Philadelphia’s predominantly white population
especially those in the slums of Moyamensing and south of, met this
dramatic African population growth with marked resistance and
frequent violence.
Angry
White Philadelphians Violently Attacked Africans and their property
The years between the 1830’s and1850’s were full of race riots
and violent attacks on African American’s and their establishments,
from which even churches were not spared. During this period at least
3 churches were burned down, some others defaced. In 1838, the newly
build PA Abolitionist Society, the oldest Abolitionist Society in
America was burned down. Abolitionist societies aiding Africans were
viewed by whites as the cause for African-American freedom and
population growth. In public Abolitionist members were threaten and
attacked. In fear of their family and their lives, Abolitionist
societies like the Vigilant Committee, an abolitionist and fugitive
aid group founded by some of Philadelphia’s most prominent black
leaders, Robert Purvis, William Still and James Forten; were forced
to close its doors, and cease aiding African Americans. Racial hatred
was so intense, when Africans in Philadelphia tried to celebrate the
Fourth of July festivities, race riots would break out. The message
to the African you are not an American. The Race Riots of the 1840’s
and 1850’s forced many African Americans to flee their homes in the
city. In the years & days in Philadelphia leading up to 1863,
Freedom Eve, Africans in America were fearful of their life, afraid
of being violently attacked by Angry White Men.
Slavery’s Destructive
Impact on African-American Families in Philadelphia
Under slavery Africans were unable to
make a dollar. Most emancipated Africans left the South and arrived
in Philadelphia, with very little money. Africans struggled under
emancipation in Philadelphia, many Africans were denied jobs. Many of
the Africans given jobs received limited wages, too limited to
support himself and his family. Africans found their self unable to
accumulate money or property. African families after arriving in
Philadelphia were subjected to the poorest commodities; many were
forced to live in the slums around 7th & Bainbridge
and south of South Street, the Moyamensing area. Africans living in
Philadelphia rate of illiteracy was 1.8 per
cent, compare to perhaps 20 per cent for the city. Prior to 1863,
Freedom Eve, the majority of Africans in Philadelphia had only a
partial common school education from the country schools of the South
or the primary grade schools in the city. A considerable number
entered grammar schools; a small amount entered high school; and a
very few, less than fifty, graduated from college or professional
schools. With very little education and very little dollars to
feed self and family, many African men turned to stealing,
committing petty larceny, committing crimes. In homes where fathers
were unable to obtain employment or make enough dollars for the
survival of their families, mothers had to work, thus leaving their
children without guidance or restrain for the better part of the day.
Property owners, slum lords, only concern the dollar bill, put into
the slums all kind unscrupulous characters. African families living
under such satanic conditions, found itself, idle and sinking in the
scale of morals manners and religion; this disastrous situation left
the children wide open to elements of danger
and demoralization. Africans composing less than 5% of the population
committed 55% of petty larceny crimes compared to 48.8% of whites for
the same criminal offence. Africans was responsible for a third of
the serious crimes committed in Philadelphia. To feed their family
and keep a roof over their children head, many Africans were
forced to have to take on borders. This reality left daughters
subjected to rape and sexual predators, the likes of “whites”,
“Blacks” and family members.
Africans
living in Philadelphia on the one hand had to contend with racial
violence and hatred from white residence who believed Africans were
the cause of white’s poor financial and poor living conditions;
while on the other hand Africans had to contend with being
discriminated against by white employers, who chose not to hire
Africans because of the color of their skin. If this wasn’t bad
enough, Africans had to contend with being discriminated by the
white criminal justices system. White America used its political
criminal justices system to remove African men from their family and
community. Members of the white justices system including its Police
force, was angry over Africans (who were denied jobs) hanging out in
the streets. Some whites were afraid to walk through the streets
Africans were hanging out on. In 1837 of 737 Africans committed for
trial in 6 months of the year only 123 were actually brought to
trial. Africans were arrested for less cause and received longer
sentences. In 1850 5% of African population composed 32% of the
prisoners in the county prison. Of the prisoners in the Eastern
Penitentiary in 1846, 14% of the whites were pardon and 2% of the
Africans were pardon. In law free, in reality, the color of one skin
exposes one to being treated like a criminal, a modern day slave.
Whites took advantage of the law to move Africans right back into
slavery, modern day slavery. Laws like the 13th
Amendment declared the modern slave, those prisoners in the prison
system. As you can see from the statistics, African fathers, men were
being put in jail for no reason, at an alarming rate just for being
“Black” at the wrong place at the wrong time. When African men
got out of prison, in many cases he found himself a ruin man. With
African fathers being put in prisons, mothers sought the help of
spiritual intervention to save their children, save their family.
The
African American churches in Philadelphia followed the population
trends of the African American community. On 1862, at the Watch
Service hour there were at least 23 African American churches in
Philadelphia. Of the 23,000 African-Americans living in Philadelphia
approximately 7,000 were affiliated with one of following churches,
at the below Watch Night Service locations.
Founded
in 1794, St. Thomas Episcopal: 5th & Adelphi; Members 337
Founded
in 1794, Mother Bethel AME: 6th & Lombard; Members 1,100
Founded
in 1796, Mother Zoar Methodist; 4th & Brown; Members 150
Founded
in 1807, First African Presbyterian: 7th & Shippen (Bainbridge)
St.; Members 180
Founded
in 1807, Campbell AME
Founded
in 1809 First African Baptist Church 10th Vine; Members
200
Founded
in 1816, Union AME; 5th & Coates St. (Fairmont): Members 297
(1827)
Founded
in 1820, Wesley AME Zion (later Mt. Olive AME): 6th & Lombard
Members; 500 (1817)
Founded
in 1824, Second African Presbyterian: 7th & St. Mary; Members 75
Founded
in 1827, Oak Street Baptist: 41st Oak St.
Founded
in 1830, Grace African Union Methodist Episcopal
Founded
in 1832, Union Baptist: 7th & Little Pine; Members 260
Founded
in 1833 Mt. Pisgah AME (1811)
Founded
in 1834, AME Wesley: 6th & Hurst; Members 300 (1821)
Founded
in 1837, Union Methodist 7th & Little Pine; Members 100
Founded
in 1842, Shiloh Baptist: Clifton (8th) & South;
Members 225
Founded
in 1844, Central Presbyterian Lombard; Members 260
Founded
in 1844, John Wesley Methodist: 8th & Shippen (Bainbridge):
Members 100
Founded
in 1850, Israel Congregational: 5th & Gaskill (near South St.);
Members 200
Founded
in 1850, Church of the Crucifixion: 8th & Shippen (Bainbridge);
Members 50
Founded
in 1852, Zion Chapel AME Mission: 7th & Dickerson; Members 120
(1858)
Founded
in Allen Chapel AME: 2nd & Christian; Members 30
Founded
in Murray Chapel A.M.E.
Watch Night Service
(Freedom Eve) December 31st 1862
The news that President
Lincoln was about to make a major decision on Jan. 1st
1863, New Years Day., were buzzing all over the African-American
community. The news subject was said to be about emancipating
enslaved Africans. Upon hearing the news, Faith-based leaders in the
Philadelphia Community called for Africans-Americans to, on Freedom
Eve (New Years Eve), go into the house of the lord to reaffirm
one’s covenant with God and to pray that Lincoln will do the
right thing on New Years Day. In Philadelphia, Africans of all faith
and denominations responded to their faith-based leaders calling and
went into African-American churches to reaffirm
their covenant with God, and pray that President Lincoln will free
all Africans.
It
was a spiritual redemption calling, by the above 23 independent
African in America churches, in Philadelphia, which lead to
the first Watch Night Service, in the nation. This service was the
first African-American Ecumenical Revival in the nation. The services
focus centered improving the spiritual and physical conditions of
African families, African Communities. The revival consisted of 23 or
more African faith-based institutions of different denominations, 4
Baptist, 2 Episcopal, 9 A.M.E, 3 Presbyterian, and 4 Methodist and 1
Jewish. During the revival the faith-based members would pledge to
purify one’s temple, rid oneself of those elements that were
enslaving one’s inner spirit. During the revival the attendees
prayed in unison that President Lincoln would do the right thing the
next day, and they would do the right thing the next day. On Freedom
Eve, Africans would begin their New Year resolutions, in preparation
for the beginning of a new day (New Year) of Freedom. The Watch Night
Services holi-day was born.
Those who were present on
that historic Watch Night Service Day listened to sermons recited by
their faith based leaders. Africans danced around the church; they
sang and prayed all night, into the early morning. In their songs,
they would sing, “we are going to dance dance dance all night long;
our voices are going to go up to thy lord, and we be free”. As they
would sing and dance, they would customary (keeping with African
tradition), become processed with the holy-spirit. They would on cue
shout out loud, and some would begin jumping up and down. Today, in a
few African-American churches you can see live, a person become
processed with this form of holy-spirit. Most observers, including
African-Americans, when they observe someone with the holy spirit,
they know not of it’s history; some think oh, that is so and so,
going through her or his thing; first time observers of the behavior,
would become taken-back by the experience.
The
Philadelphia African-American Holiness movement was composed of
African-Americans who believe and propagate the belief that the
carnal nature of man and women can be cleansed through faith
and by the power of the Holy
Spirit if one has had his sins
forgiven through faith in Jesus.
The benefits of such act include spiritual power and
an ability to maintain purity of heart with the grace of thy savior.
The original Watch Night Service movement were, Africans seeking
"Christian
perfection”.
Africans
attending the original Watch Night Services were waiting for the news
of President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.
The
Emancipation Proclamation reads, “That
on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord 1863, all
persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a state
the person whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United
States shall be then, henceforward, and forever free”. “ I
declare that such persons (Africans) be received in the armed
services of the United States to garrison forts, position stations,
and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service”.
Why Watch Night Service
(Freedom Eve) 2016-2017
(Make
America White (Great) Again)
With the election of Donald Trump Black
America is about to transition from degrees of light (President
Barack Obama Era) to degrees of darkness (President Donald Trump
Era). “Black America” starting in 2017, Africans in America are
about to experience degrees of what their Ancestors experienced 130
years ago, in 1887, with the abolishment of the reconstruction era
and the establishment of Jim Crow Laws. Admit it, accept it, own it,
you, I, we, were fooled once again into thinking we were progressing
in time, we were moving forward, and then the art of the deal, comes
along to make America White Again.
“Black America” we have been here
before. Our ancestor fought for and died for the freedom we enjoy
today. After our Ancestors experienced the Jubilee, June 19th
1865, Freedom Day, and after a brief experience with the
Reconstruction Era (1865-1877). Our African in America Ancestors were
pushed backwards to modern day degrees of slavery, backwards into Jim
Crow Laws; Black Codes, the KKK, extreme racism, tree hangings, race
riots, street assassinations (the bombing of 4 young girls in a
Birmingham Alabama Church, the assassination of Martin Luther King,
Emmitt Till, Octavos Cato, President John F. Kennedy, Malcolm X,
Medger Evers, etc.). Elements of those dark days, years of darkness
awaits us again, different name, instead of Jim Crow, Donald Trump;
same party name, same angry white men mythology.
Frederick Douglas in his 1876
Emancipation Day speech said: From the ramparts of the Solid south,
with their 153 electoral votes in the Electoral College, they have
dared to defy the nation to put a Republican in the Presidential
chair for the next four years. With the grip on the presidential
chair, with the House of Representatives in their hands, with the
Supreme Court deciding every question in favor of the states, denying
the government the right to protect the elective franchise of its own
citizens, they may well feel themselves masters, not only of their
former slaves but the whole situation. With these facts before us,
tell me not that the Negro is safe in procession of his own liberty.
Tell me not that power will not assert itself. What followed the
year after Frederick Douglas 1876 Emancipation Day speech, 1877 Jim
Crow Laws? Jim Crow Laws came about with the 1877 election, the
election of the 19th President, Rutherford Hayes. It was a
compromise which awarded Rutherford Hayes a Republican the White
House over Democrat Samuel J. Tiden. The deal was made possible, by
way of the compromise which pulled the last federal troops out of the
south, and formally ended the Reconstruction Era. The compromise made
possible, Republican President Rutherford Hayes to be the 19th
President of the United States in exchange for the 20 electoral
college votes needed from Florida South Carolina, and Louisiana. To
seal the deal, to win the Presidency, Rutherford Hayes pulled the
last federal troops out of the above three states. The compromise
enabled ex-confederate conservatives, slave lords, and Democrats, to
be allowed back into politics; form a Redeemer Coalition, and oust
all Republican governments in the south. From 1877 until the 1970s,
Southern racist Democrats largely controlled every Southern state. In
each of the Southern state the Redeemer
governments reversed many of the civil rights gains that African
Americans had made during Reconstruction. The Redeemer government
passed Jim Crow laws between 1876 and 1965 that mandated
discrimination by both local governments and by private citizens.
Fast forward 130 years latter
Republican Trump needed 46 electoral college votes from three states
Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Wisconsin, to win the presidency. All the
Donald had to do to win the Presidency was to make a deal with angry
white Americans and flip the blue states of Pennsylvania, Michigan,
Ohio, and Wisconsin, who have since 2010 voted for Republican
Governors. The one exception is PA who voted for a democratic
governor in 2014.
State
2008 gov 2010 gov. winner share loser share winning
margin change of party
Michigan D R 58.1
39.9 18.21 Y
Ohio D R
49.04 46.7 2.0 Y
PA D
R 54.9 45.5 8.9 Y
Wisconsin D
R 52.25 46.6 5.77 Y
State
2014 gov. winner share looser share winning margin
change of party
Michigan R 51.0 47.0 4.0
N
Ohio R 63.08 33.03 30.03
N
PA D
54.9 45.7 9.2 Y
Wisconsin R
52.3 46.6 5.7 N
The Donald understood if the voters of
the above states are angry enough to vote for a Republican governor,
they are angry enough to vote for a Republican President. Especially
one who is not trying to be politically correct, one who has tapped
into their anger, one who is saying what they want to hear, one who
will give them what they want the most, their America back. Donald
Trump has promised white angry voters in these United States, he will
make America White (great) Again. To win the presidency all Donald
Trump had to do was convince angry white voters to vote for him and
he would give them their America back. Donald Trump with the advice
of Steve Bannon understood this basic fact Europeans outnumbers
Minorities in the United States. Europeans are loyal to the Prince
who they think understands them and have their back. There are more
white backs than minorities, backs.
According to the 2110 Census the
population total in the United States is 308,745,538, with 63.7%,
196,817,552 of the population being white; the total Minorities
Population is 111,445,460; with 16.3% Hispanic 50,477,594, 12.2%
Blacks 37,685,848, 4.7% Asian 14,465,124, 0.15% Native Americans
2,247,098, 1.9% two or more races 5,966,481, .2% Some other race
604,245.
Shall we observe the racial make up of
the states the Donald needed to win the Presidency?
Total
Population in PA 2015 Total Population in Wis 2015
Total Population
in Mi 2016
White 82.6% White 89.9%
White 80.2%
White not Hispanic 77.4% Blacks
5.7% Blacks 14.2 %
Blacks 11.7% Hispanic 0.1%
Hispanic 6.8% Hispanic 3% Asian 1.7% Asian
1.8%
Asian 3.4% Native Americans 0.9%
Native Americans 0.6% Native Americans
0.4% Two or more races 1.2% Two or more races 1.9%
Two or more races 1.9% Some Other Race
1.3%
Native Hawaiian and other 0.1% Some
Other Race 1.2% Some Other Race
Total
Population in Ohio 2016 Total
Population in Florida 2016
White 82.9% White 77.7%
Blacks 12.0% Blacks 16.8%
Hispanic 0.2% Hispanic 24.5%
Asian 2.0% Asian 2.8%
Native Americans 1.0% Native
Americans 0.5%
Two or more races 2% Two or more
races 2%
Some Other Race 1% Some Other Race
1%
Native Hawaiian and other 1% White
not Hispanic 55.3
The facts are White America with its
majority took advantage of its chance to make America White again. On
January 20th 2017 the Republican party will control the
House and Presidency for at least 4 years, the Senate for at least 2
yrs; and the Supreme Court for at least 8 years.
Shall we observe
what angry White America looks like? A Republican Presidential
victory count of 306-232 despite Hillary 2.5 million poplar vote
victory; Republicans control the U.S Senate 52-46-2; Republican
control the U.S House of Representatives 242-193; Republicans control
state Governors 34-15-1; Republicans will in 2017 select a Supreme
Court Justice tipping the scale 5-4.
Many Americans are asking the question,
“how did the Donald pull off what appeared to be an incredible
Presidential election feat no one saw coming”. Let me tell you he
did so with the help of angry white men, their angry wife or
girlfriend, family members, and neighbors. While the Hilary Democrat
Coalition was asleep, angry white men strategized, made a deal with
Donald Trump to win the Presidency, Supreme Court, Senate, and House,
all 4 political bodies; this Coalition is going to repeal Obamacare,
gay marriage, transgender going the bathrooms of their chose; deport
immigrants, Muslims, Mexicans; bring back Jim Crow stop and frisk of
“Blacks”; check that Black Lives Matter “B.S”; bring back
aspects of Jim Crow and the Black Codes.
To win the Presidency, Trump made a
deal with angry white America, the Donald promised to put all power
in the hands of the state. I ask who control the states. With the
grip on the presidential chair, with majority of Governors, House of
Representatives and Senators, in their hands, with the Supreme Court
soon to be deciding every question in favor of the states, helping
the government to deny or lessen minorities their civil right
protection, and civil liberties. Republicans, white America, feel
themselves masters of their former slaves and the whole situation.
With these facts before us, tell me not that the African in America
is safe in procession of his own liberty. Tell me not, power, Racist
White Angry America, will not assert itself again.
Join me as we observe components of
the deal of 1877, 130 years ago.
BLACK CODES
Black-codes foundation lies in the
period following the American
Civil War. During and after the period of Reconstruction;
they were used to regulate the freedoms of African-Americans.
African-Americans had to make annual
contracts for their labor. They were not to be allowed in public
without his papers in writing. They must at all time present licenses
(from the mayor; or from a member of the board of police of the
beat), citing their places of residence and authorizing them to work
(Today this document is called an I.D.), fugitives from labor were to
be arrested and carried back to their employers. It was made a
misdemeanor, punishable with fine, body abuse, or imprisonment. Five
dollars a head and mileage would be allowed such “negro”
catchers. A bonus afforded the slave catcher to be able to inflict
physical punishment upon the slave. Black Codes were corporal
punishment, vicious whippings, specifically applied to
African-Americans. Black codes legally allowed slave holders to be
able to administer physical abuse, including death. The un-written
law, allowed a master to murder his slave.
The African-American living in White
America had to be squeaky clean; he was not even allowed to spit on
the side walk. Black codes legally allowed for punishment to be
administered to a slave by his master. Black codes were enacted to
forbid African-American from being able to roam the roads, or
congregate in public. This is why the Donald promised the States,
Stop and Fisk. Black codes allowed for a European to be able to stop
an African-American in public. If the African-American did not have
his papers, he or she could be arrested and carried back to their
master, or be put in prison.
JIM
CROW LAWS
The Jim Crow
Laws were state and local laws enacted in the Southern
and Border
States of the United
States and enforced between 1876 and 1965, to separate the races.
They mandated "separate
but equal" status for black Americans. Jim Crow laws were
enacted to support racial
segregation in everyday life. They required black and white
people to use separate water fountains, public schools, public bath
houses, restaurants, public libraries, buses and rail cars—
In each Southern
state the Redeemer
governments passed Jim Crow laws. In the Progressive
Era the restrictions were formalized, and segregation was
extended to the federal government by President Woodrow
Wilson in 1913. In the first stage of Presidential
Reconstruction, all white Southern legislatures overwhelmingly
dominated by ex-Confederates,
passed the black codes. Between 1890 and 1920, many state
governments prevented most blacks from voting by various techniques,
such as poll taxes
and literacy
tests. It is estimated that of 181,000 African-American males of
voting age in Alabama
in 1900, only 3,000 were registered to vote. Does this sound
familiar, the Republicans have been trying to make it harder for
Africans in America and prisoners to be able to vote in America?
The Supreme
Court of the United States held in the Civil Rights Cases 109
US 3 (1883) that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give the federal
government the power to outlaw private discrimination, and then held
in Plessy v. Ferguson 163 US 537 (1896) that Jim Crow laws
were constitutional as long as they allowed for "separate but
equal" facilities. In the years that followed, the court made
this "separate but equal" requirement a hollow phrase by
approving discrimination even in the face of evidence of profound
inequalities in practice.
Jim Crow laws
were a product of the solidly
Democratic South. As the party which supported the Confederacy,
the Democrats quickly dominated all aspects of local, state, and
federal political life in the post-Civil War South, right up through
the 1970s. As late as 1956, a resolution called Southern
Manifesto, condemning the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v.
Board of Education, was read into the Congressional Record and
supported by 96 southern congressmen and senators, each one a
Democrat.
In addition to
Jim Crow laws, in which the state compelled segregation of the races,
businesses, political parties, unions and other private parties
created their own Jim Crow arrangements. They barred
African-Americans from buying homes in certain neighborhoods, from
shopping or working in certain stores, from working at certain
trades, etc. The Supreme Court outlawed some forms of private
discrimination in Shelley
v. Kraemer 334 US 1 (1948), in which it held that
"restrictive covenants" that barred sale of homes to blacks
or Jews or Asians
were unconstitutional, on the grounds that they represented
state-sponsored discrimination, in that they were only effective if
the courts enforced them. The Supreme Court was unwilling, however,
to attack other forms of private discrimination; it reasoned that
private parties did not violate the Equal
Protection clause of the Constitution when they discriminated,
because they were not "state actors" covered by that
clause. Need I remind you in 2017, the Donald will select the next
Supreme Court Justice, tipping the scale for the Republicans to
control the Supreme Court for at least the next 8 years? If a
Democratic Supreme Court Justice appointee was to resign or die
within the next eight years, this will open the door for the
Republican led Supreme Court to decide in favor of angry white men
for a period longer than 8 years.
Jim Crow laws, in the state controlled
by angry white men, compelled segregation of the races, businesses,
political parties, unions and other private parties. It opens the
door to the creation and enforcement of their own Jim Crow
arrangements, stop and frisk Africans in America, bar
Africans-Americans from buying homes in certain neighborhoods (shall
I remind you of Donald Trump and his father history of barring
Africans-Americans from renting his units), from shopping or working
in certain stores, from working at certain trades, etc.
Steve Bannon and Angry
White Men
Say what you want about Steve Bannon. I
wish to say this to you. Steve Bannon is in tune with angry white
America, the alt-right racist xenophobic, misogynist, movement. He
understands them and speaks their language. Bannon understandd this
fact, the core of white America love darkness rather than the light,
because the core of white America deeds is evil. Angry white
Americans love Donald Trump, because his deeds are evil. Those who
hate the light, does not come to the light, because their deeds are
exposed. The facts speak for itself White Americans who left the
light (Obama coalition) to join darkness (Angry white
ultra-conservative Americans), clearly understand the big picture,
what was at stake, more so than the Uncle Tom sell-outs, or fence
climbers who go the way of how the wind is blowing them on a given
day.
Who Are the Angry White Men?
Machiavelli in his book “The Qualities of the Prince” (i.e.,
ruler) describes his angry white kin-folks, as ungrateful, fickle,
simulators and deceivers, avoiders of danger, greedy for gain; they
are a sorry lot, broken on every occasion in which their own
self-interest is concerned; they are hypocrites, liars, and they
never keep their promises. A ruler who bases his power entirely on
their words finds himself ruin. Since angry white men are a sorry lot
and will not keep their promise to you, rulers like wise need not
keep their promise to them. The ruler must care little for keeping
his promises and he must know how to manipulate the minds of men by
shrewdness. This is why the Donald changes thoughts often, opening
the door for some to speculate he’s a hypocrite and liar.
A ruler must be prudent enough to know
how to escape the bad reputation of those vices that would lose the
presidency for him. He need not worry about incurring the bad
reputation. Those things that seem to be a vice, if pursued, will
result in his safety and his well being. One must study the works of
great men, to prepare oneself to act out their advise as need be. The
Donald, on the advice of Steve Bannon, masterfully executed
Machiavelli’s advice in how to escape the bad reputation vices that
surfaced during his presidential run that could have lost the
presidency for him. Those things that seem to be a vice, taxes,
groping women, discriminating against Africans-Americans, etc., when
they were pursued by democrats and the media, resulted in his safety
and his well being, with angry white voters. Steve Bannon advised
Donald Trump to study and act out “Qualities of the Prince”
(i.e., ruler).
Steve Bannon offered Donald Trump
principles, guidelines of what he has to do to size power and
maintain power. Steve Bannon specific action plans/specific specified
behavior covered all the bases, it covered what, when, where, against
who, and why.
Steve Bannon advises Trump to know how
to make good use of the nature of the “beast”, especially, the
fox and the lion. It is necessary for him, as the ruler to be a fox
in order to recognize traps and a lion in order to frighten the
wolves. Men are so simpleminded and so controlled by the present
necessities, that one who deceives will always find another who will
allow him self to be deceived. The ruler must know how to use wisely
the natures of the beast and what’s proper to man. He must be able
to employ the nature of one and the other.
Angry white men are a sorry lot of
people, if you worked for their good they are completely loyal to
you, they will offer you their blood, their property, their lives and
their sons. The confederate army of angry white men was very loyal to
Jefferson Davis, for they believed he worked for there good, by
maintaining slavery. In return the confederate army of angry white
men offered Jefferson Davis, their blood, their lives and their sons.
Though the Confederate Flag was taken
down in public. The confederates are alive, and are still completely
loyal to the South and confederate flag in their heart and spirit;
they continue to offer their blood, their property, their lives and
the lives of their sons and their daughters. The 13 southern states
that succeeded from the Union in 1861 all voted for Trump except
Virginia, only because Hillary’s Vice President running mate was
Virginia’s Governor and Senator.
The Confederates in the North, South,
Mid West, throughout the United States still works for the good of
the Confederate Flag, they have been murdering African-Americans with
or without a badge i.e. Black lives Matter, or the murdering of the
African-American Rev Clementa Pinckney and members of his
congregation while praying in a Christian church. The racist saved
one women to tell the world what she had witnessed. The murderer told
the young man before he was going to kill him, because Africans in
America are taking over our country and raping our women. Armies
under the command of a ruler need not worry about being considered
cruel. Given the fact that angry white men have unscrupulous
characters; Steve Bannon advice the Donald, his character must be as
unscrupulous as theirs. It is necessary that you have a mind ready to
turn itself according to the way the winds of fortune. Steve Bannon
told the Donald he must be able to enter upon evil when necessity
commands. Rulers with armies under his command need not worry about
being considered cruel, for without that reputation you will never
keep an army, loyal, united or prepared for any combat. Your inhuman
cruelty will always make you respected and terrified in the eyes of
your soldiers. Your soldiers, inhuman cruelty will always be pleasing
to you, for it instills fear in, internal and external foes.
Africans in America what else do you
need to see, what else do you need to experience. I must confess to
you, while I was watching the election results come in, I steering at
the television as if I saw a ghost. I was in shock until I researched
history, studied the facts. More so now than anytime in my lifetime I
am clear Why Watch Night Service (Freedom Eve), Why Juneteenth
Jubilee?
I am clearer than ever before, why we
need to go into our faith-based institutions, Freedom Eve, to cleanse
thy spirit, thy temple, thy ways in the world which are foreign to us
and are hurtful to our family, and our tribes. I understand why it is
important to begin a new day of wholistic freedom. Russians, Chinese,
United States, Big Brother hacking into emails, family you are not
safe to communicate via technology, the Tec-systems, is totally
controlled by angry white men. I understand why it is important to
return every person of African descent to his own land that he
inherited. Likewise return every person to his tribe. Brothers,
sisters we are not in the land of our ancestors. We are living in,
taking up space in White America, White America can do what ever it
wants to us; primary example 2016 elections.. I ask of you while you
are occupying space in white America. I ask of you to cease the
oppression of one by another; say to all those you have hurt, did
wrong to, offended, Forgive me, I am sorry, Thank-you, I love you.
Clear the way for being open to receiving the spiritual blessings of
a new day of freedom.
Hotep,
Ron Brown
NOW THAT YOU KNOW, WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO ABOUT IT?
